7.5 minute Digital Raster Graphic Quads for Arizona

Metadata:

• Identification_Information
• Data_Quality_Information
• Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
• Spatial_Reference_Information
• Entity_and_Attribute_Information
• Distribution_Information
• Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: U.S. Geological Survey EROS Data Center

Publication_Date: 1996

Title:

7.5 minute Digital Raster Graphic Quads for Arizona

Edition: 1.0

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image

Series_Information:

Series_Name: USGS Digital Raster Graphics

Issue_Identification:

Digital Raster Graphics (DRGs) are scanned color images of USGS topographic maps.

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Sioux Falls

Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey EROS Data Center

Other_Citation_Details:

Earth Science Information Centers (ESIC) offer nationwide information and sales service for USGS map products and earth science publications. For additional information, contact any USGS Earth Science Information Center (ESIC), or call 1-800-USA-MAPS.

Description:

Abstract:

A digital raster graphic (DRG) is a scanned image of a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) topographic map. The scanned image includes all map collar information. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the Earth. The DRG can be used to collect, review, and revise other digital data, especially digital line graphs (DLG). When the DRG is combined with other digital products, such as digital orthophoto quadrangles (DOQ) or digital elevation models (DEM), the resulting image provides additional visual information for the extraction and revision of base cartographic information. The USGS is producing DRG's of the 1:24,000, 1:24,000/1:25,000, 1:63,360 (Alaska), 1:100,000, and 1:250,000-scale topographic map series. This data set contains 1:24,000 (7.5 minute) quad maps for Arizona. There are approximately 2000 quads for the entire state.

Purpose:

The DRG is used for validating digital line graphs (DLG's) and for DLG data collection and revision. The DRG can help assess the completeness of digital data from other mapping agencies. It can also be used to produce "hybrid" products. These include combined DRG's and DOQ's for revising and collecting digital data, DRG's and DEM's for creating shaded-relief DRG's, and combinations of DRG, DOQ and DLG data. Although a standard DRG is an effective mapping tool, its full potential for digital production is realized in combination with other digital data

Supplemental_Information:

Digital raster graphic (DRG) data on CD-ROM were produced by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) through an Innovative Partnership agreement with The Land Information Technology Company, Ltd., of Aurora, CO. This series includes DRG's of USGS standard series quadrangle maps of the United States, its Trusts, and Territories. Information for this metadata regarding USGS production and processing steps was derived from generic DRG metadata files published by the USGS.

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 1996

Ending_Date: unknown

Currentness_Reference: ground condition

Status:

Progress: In work

Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed

Spatial_Domain:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate:

East_Bounding_Coordinate:

North_Bounding_Coordinate:

South_Bounding_Coordinate:

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

Theme_Keyword: digital image map

Theme_Keyword: hydrography

Theme_Keyword: transportation

Theme_Keyword: topographic

Theme_Keyword: Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM)

Theme_Keyword: raster

Theme_Keyword: digital image

Theme_Keyword: Digital raster graphic

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

Place_Keyword: Arizona

Temporal:

Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

Access_Constraints:

Access is granted to public agencies, educational institutions, non-profit organizations and private individuals for non-commercial purpose. For commercial use of the data see Arizona Revised Statutes 39-121.03

Use_Constraints:

The Arizona State Land Department makes no warranties, implied or expressed, with respect to the accuracy of and the use of this data for any specific purpose. Users are required to make their own assessment of the data for any specific use.

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:

Arizona State Land Department, Arizona Land Resources Information System

Contact_Person: GIS Data Transfer Specialist

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address:

U.S. Geological Survey EROS Data Center

City: Sioux Falls

State_or_Province: SD

Postal_Code: 57198-0001

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: (602) 542-2606

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (602) 542-2600

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: gisdata@land.az.gov

Hours_of_Service: Monday-Friday, 8 AM - 5 PM, Mountain Standard Time

Browse_Graphic:

Data_Set_Credit:

Acknowledgement of the U.S. Geological Survey would be appreciated in products derived from these data. The U.S. Bureau of Land Management, Phoenix Office, performed the decollaring of these Digital Raster Graphic files.

Security_Information:

Security_Classification_System: None

Security_Classification: Unclassified

Security_Handling_Description: None

Data_Quality_Information:

Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report:

The DRG uses a standard palette to ensure uniform color throughout a particular map series. The RGB values for a particular color, therefore, will remain consistent throughout that DRG series. Although the color values of the DRG may sometimes match those of the paper source map, a user will usually notice small differences between the colors on the digital image and on the paper map. Also, the quality of the user's monitor affects the DRG color displayed. Although the DRG generally contains the complete content of the source map, features may occasionally be blurred because of substandard source materials. The DRG also may contain misclassified pixels (color noise). The DRG is an 8-bit color image that employs a color palette to ensure uniform colors throughout a particular DRG series. All DRG's within a series must have the same RGB value.

Quantitative_Attribute_Accuracy_Assessment:

Attribute_Accuracy_Explanation:

DRG's are examined to ensure color consistency within a series. Inspections are performed on selected DRG's to ensure that both the order of digital numbers (see table 2-2) and digital number values are correct. Colors will be checked for color compliance to map series and for major color differences between features on the DRG and similar features on the source map. Color consistency throughout each series is checked by comparing a DRG to its neighboring quadrangles whenever possible.

Logical_Consistency_Report:

The USGS DRG is produced with the intention of replicating as close as possible the original source map. Users of the DRG will note, however, that a certain amount of "noise" can be discerned when small areas are blown up or viewed under zoomed-in conditions. This noise is in the form of random specks or pixels of color and halos due to any number of factors, such as, the quality of the source, the use of screens and patterns on the litho, and the unevenness of ink due to saturation and absorption. Discontinuities or breaks in linear features may also be present and are due to improper calibration or usage of the scanner, the condition of the source, and resampling. Descreening, quantizing, and noise filtering are methods used to reduce noise, which, besides creating a more aesthetically pleasing image, have the added benefit of reducing the size of the image file. Removal of lithographic screen patterns is preferred but not required.

Completeness_Report:

Image completeness is checked by visually inspecting a sampling of DRG's. Each selected DRG will be examined for gaps (missing data) in the main body of the map, the map collar, the overedge areas, and any insets

Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

A random sampling of DRG's will be accuracy tested. The accuracy test will be performed by comparing the positions of UTM grid intersections on the source graphic against the corresponding location on the digital image. A visual inspection will determine whether those coordinates fall within the pixels that define a grid tick. DRG's duplicate the horizontal accuracy of its source.

Quantitative_Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Explanation:

DRG's will retain the horizontal accuracy of the source maps. Most USGS printed maps contain the National Map Accuracy Standards (NMAS) note in the collar area. The NMAS states that for maps on publication scales of 1:20,000 or smaller, not more than 10 percent of the points tested shall be in error by more than 1/50 inch measured on the publication scale. Test points must be "well-defined", that is, easily visible or recoverable on the ground. For DRG's this accuracy statement applies only to that area of the DRG that falls within the neatline of the source map (excluding inset areas). Overedge areas falling outside the transformation boundary area (the map neatline), can exhibit anomalies or discrepancies. These anomalies also will appear in the map inset areas and in the map collar. For maps without the NMAS note, the horizontal accuracy is unknown. However, the DRG will retain the ccuracy of the source map.

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

In the DRG the vertical positional accuracy is referenced in the DRG collar.

Lineage:

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: U.S. Geological Survey

Title: USGS Topographic maps

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Reston, VA

Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey

Other_Citation_Details:

The source for DRG's are the standard quadrangle format USGS topographic maps as described in the Federal Geographic Data Committee "Manual of Federal Geographic Data Products." They include 1:20,000-, 1:24,000-, 1:25,000-, 1:30,000-, 1:63,360-, 1:100,000- and 1:250,000-scale topographic maps. Included in the 1:24,000- and 1:25,000-scale series are provisional (P) maps and color orthophotomaps.

Type_of_Source_Media: paper

Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: USGS Topo

Source_Contribution:

The standard area of coverage of a DRG is the entire area printed on a USGS standard series topographic map including the map collar, any overedge areas, and insets. These standard series maps include:

7.5-minute map series: Conterminous United States, Hawaii, and limited areas of Alaska at 1:24,000 and 1:25,000 scale.

7.5- by 15-minute map series: Covers limited areas of the conterminous United States at 1:25,000 scale.

30- by 60-minute map series: Conterminous United States

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Production of a DRG begins with the scanning of a paper 7.5-minute topographic map (map1) on a high-resolution scanner. Scanning resolutions range from 500-1,000 dpi with an output file of 160-300 Mb in size. Removal of screens (descreening) and color quantization to reduce the number of colors also takes place during the scanning phase. The raw scan file is then transformed and georeferenced using UTM coordinates of the sixteen 2.5-minute grid ticks, which are obtained using the in-house produced program COORDAT and stored in a ground control file. Those sixteen 2.5-minute ticks are interactively visited and assigned their respective UTM coordinates. The USGS program XSHAPES4 then performs a piecewise linear rubber sheet transformation. An output resolution of 2.4 meters (8.2 feet) is chosen to resample the file to 250 dpi. The image file is converted to a TIFF 6.0 image and further reduced by converting the file to a run length encoded PackBits compression (type 32773).

The color palette of the compressed DRG is then standardized by replacing the original RGB values assigned during the scanning process with standard RGB value combinations using the in-house produced TIFFREMAP program.

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: map1

Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: Rolla-ESIC U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Person: Customer Services Representative

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: 1400 Independence Rd., MS231

City: Rolla

State_or_Province: MO

Postal_Code: 65401-2602

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 573-308-3577

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 573-308-3652

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: esic@mcmcmail.er.usgs.gov

Contact_Instructions: URL: <http://mcmcweb.er.usgs.gov/drg/>

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

The DRG files were then decollared (removing all of the legend and other information from around the map frame) to prepare the files for use in GIS. The process used is not known, however the process contact (U. S. Bureau of Land Management, Phoenix Office) may be able to supply information on the exact procedures used.

Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Bureau of Land Management, Phoenix Office

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster

Raster_Object_Information:

Raster_Object_Type: Pixel

Row_Count: 5714

Column_Count: 4702

Vertical_Count: 1

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Planar:

Grid_Coordinate_System:

Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator

Universal_Transverse_Mercator:

UTM_Zone_Number: 12

Transverse_Mercator:

Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600

Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -111.000000

Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000

False_Easting: 500000.000000

False_Northing: 0.000000

Planar_Coordinate_Information:

Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column

Coordinate_Representation:

Abscissa_Resolution: 2.438400

Ordinate_Resolution: 2.438400

Planar_Distance_Units: meters

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1927

Ellipsoid_Name: Clarke 1866

Semi-major_Axis: 6378206.400000

Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 294.978698

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label: Band_1

Entity_Type_Definition: Digital Raster Graphic

Entity_Type_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: ObjectID

Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number.

Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain:

Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Value

Attribute_Definition: Unique value for RGB color combination

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Red

Attribute_Definition: Red component of RGB color display for attribute value

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Green

Attribute_Definition: Green component of RGB color display for attribute value

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Blue

Attribute_Definition: Blue component of RGB color display for attribute value

Overview_Description:

Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:

Each raster entity or pixel contains a digital number from 0 through 12 referencing a color palette of RGB values from 0 through 255 in which the standard colors used in the DRG are defined.

Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: Standards for Digital Raster Graphic.

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:

Arizona State Land Department, Arizona Land Resources Information System

Contact_Person: GIS Data Transfer Specialist

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: 1616 West Adams

City: Phoenix

State_or_Province: Arizona

Postal_Code: 85007

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 602) 542-2606

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (602) 542-2600

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: gisdata@land.az.gov

Hours_of_Service: 7:30 am to 4:00 pm CT

Resource_Description: DRG CD-R

Distribution_Liability:

Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the USGS, no warranty expressed or implied is made by the USGS regarding the use of the data on any other system, nor does the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Users must assume responsibility to determine the usability of this data for their purposes.

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Format_Name: Tagged Image File Format (TIFF)

File_Decompression_Technique: PackBits

Transfer_Size: 6.322

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name: <http://www.land.state.az.us/alris/index.html>

Offline_Option:

Offline_Media: CD-ROM

Recording_Capacity:

Ordering_Instructions:

Contact GIS Data Transfer Specialist for product information and ordering instructions

Technical_Prerequisites: Software capable of reading TIF files

Available_Time_Period:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 20030708

Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:

Arizona State Land Department, Arizona Land Resources Information System

Contact_Person: GIS Data Transfer Specialist

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: 1616 West Adams

City: Phoenix

State_or_Province: Arizona

Postal_Code: 85007

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: (602) 542-2606

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (602) 542-2600

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: gisdata@land.az.gov

Hours_of_Service: Monday-Friday, 8 AM - 5 PM, Mountain Standard Time

Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata

Metadata_Time_Convention: local time

Metadata_Access_Constraints: None

Metadata_Use_Constraints: None

Metadata_Security_Information: